I introduce a few three studies in which we checked grammatical gender effects within the Gloss
When you look at the Check out step one (in line with the search paradigm by Vigliocco mais aussi al., 2005) i made use of a categorization task, where members were asked to decide a couple terms out-of a good triad, based on the very first relationship about their similarity. The goal was to view whether not as much as like conditions grammatical gender outcomes is present for conceptual terminology, labels away from dogs and inanimate objects. For the Try dos, according to research by the Implicit Connection Decide to try (IAT) paradigm, members performed a good semantic categorization task less than significant go out tension. Objective would be to consider whether grammatical gender is implicitly accessible when performing a role one to runs in the lexical and you may semantic level. During the Study step 3, we looked at the fresh attribution from men and women voices to help you pet and you may inanimate things, demonstrated either while the words otherwise photos, so you’re able to ensure if the influence regarding grammatical gender happens outside of the lexical and you can semantic account and you will for the artwork representations, and yourself contrasting its consequences getting spoken and you can graphic stimuli.
We believed the obtained abilities enables me to take to new assumptions of the sex and you can gender theory therefore the resemblance and you will gender theory relating to this new Polish language
According to research by the sex and you will gender theory, grammatical gender consequences are required are more powerful from inside the languages which have a premier surface involving the grammatical gender off nouns and physical sex of their referents. Within the Gloss, that it beautiful petite Kent, OH women consistency is bound of the proven fact that you’ll find about three genders in the only one form (masculine, female, neutral) as well as 2 genders about plural function (masculine-private and you may non-masculine-personal), having a little a complex regards to its just one equivalents. Grammatical gender out-of nouns may differ anywhere between its only 1 and plural models – the latest non-masculine-personal plural means surrounds the just one setting nouns except for masculine nouns discussing somebody. Eg, ‘ten pies’ (a puppy) which is masculine from inside the singular mode, becomes ‘te psy’ (dogs), which is low-masculine-individual inside the plural, however, ‘ten kowal’ (a blacksmith, masculine singular) gets ‘ci kowale’ (blacksmiths, masculine-individual plural). Brand new rigorous version of the fresh new sex and gender hypothesis create hence assume deficiencies in grammatical gender outcomes during the Gloss, maybe not unlike of a lot typed training in german. A smaller constrained types of the newest sex and you may gender hypothesis carry out predict around becoming grammatical gender consequences just for nouns it comes down to pet and you can people – which have a physical sex. On the three tests presented in this paper, i included nouns writing on dogs (Try step one and you may step 3), inanimate objects (every tests) and you will abstract information (Try out step 1).
An alternate foundation connected to brand new sex and you can gender/resemblance and you can gender hypotheses is the fact that Gloss language spends an excellent wide variety of gender matical gender connected to many parts of address, not only to nouns. Grammatical gender should be experienced when using verbs, numerals, adjectives, pronouns, etc. As well as the similarity and you will gender hypothesis create expect you to definitely grammatical gender outcomes be present in most the latest showed experiments, using both animate and you can inanimate nouns.
Observing grammatical gender outcomes to have nouns discussing stuff which do n’t have a physiological sex would offer solid support towards similarity and you can gender hypothesis
New shown research along with is designed to sample two alot more certain lookup issues. Try dos uses a modified implicit relationship take to to investigate whether or not grammatical gender consequences into the Polish are present to your lexicosemantic peak, and not soleley on the abstract peak. Try out 3 spends a strategy that requires attributing male/women voices in order to stuff into the a move movie) to check if or not grammatical gender consequences exist on an abstract level. And in case dealing with lexicosemantic and you will conceptual levels of handling, we make use of the differentiation like in Vigliocco et al. (2005, p. 510): the newest lexicosemantic height corresponds to new significance off conditions in addition to their linguistic processing (installing to your groups, retrieving and using lexical suggestions, etc.) without having to do mental representations of one’s words’ referents. Alternatively, the new conceptual height is based on brand new rational representations of one’s referents and their properties, that’s non-linguistic in nature. Using code instead writing about mental representations away from items is precisely lexicosemantic, while control intellectual representations without needing code is strictly abstract.
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